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French ship Oriflamme (1744)
''Oriflamme'' was a 56-gun ship of the line of the French Navy. She was built at Toulon and launched on 1743 by engineer and builder Pierre Blaise Coulomb. The ship was named for the long, multi-tailed red banner that was historically the battle standard of the medieval French monarchy.〔
〕 She narrowly survived one encounter with the Royal Navy during the Seven Years' War, but was captured during a later engagement, in 1761. She was not taken into British service but was used as a merchant ship, ending her days in Spanish service. She sailed on her last voyage in 1770, but her crew apparently succumbed to a plague and the ship was lost at sea.
==French career==
''Oriflamme'' served during the Seven Years' War, and had an encounter with a superior British squadron in late February 1758, when she was chased off the Spanish coast by the 60-gun , under Captain Joshua Rowley and the 74-gun under Captain John Montagu.〔Dobson, p.47.〕 They chased ''Oriflamme'' onshore, but owing to Spain's neutrality at the time, did not attempt to destroy her, and ''Oriflamme'' was later salvaged.〔
''Oriflamme'' again encountered the British, this time when she was chased by the 50-gun , under Captain Edward Wheeler, off the Mediterranean coast of Morocco on 1 April 1761. The two engaged at 6pm, with Wheeler being killed early in the exchange of fire.〔 Command then devolved to Lieutenant Cunningham, who on seeing that the French ship was trying to escape towards Spain, ran aboard her, and soon forced her to strike her colours.〔 ''Oriflamme'', which had been armed ''en flûte'' and was carrying between 40 and 50 guns during the action, had 50 killed and wounded from her complement of around 370.〔Dull, p.213.〕 ''Isis'' had four killed, including Wheeler, and nine wounded. The captured ''Oriflamme'' was brought into Gibraltar.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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